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choral rehearsal. The unity of cho-  collision of the vocal folds in the ini-  either Do, Mi, Sol, or high Do
        ral blend can occur when singing a  tial warm-up process. This protects   and sustain it on an /o/ vowel”);
                                                              3
        piece together. This allows for each  the folds while stretching the mus-
        singer to bring their best vocalism to  cles to prepare it for intense activity.  3) a pedagogical relationship be-
        the repertoire.                    Choir directors can accomplish this   tween the warm-up and the rep-
           Strong support exists to minimize  by keeping the mouth closed during   ertoire to be rehearsed; and
                                           much of the warm-up. Titze recom-
                                           mends semi-occluded vocal tract ex-  4) a variety of activities. 5
                                           ercises such as lip trills, tongue trills,
              All the                      humming, and phonation through      The pedagogical relationship be-
                                           a straw.  For example: a lip trill on  tween the warm-up and repertoire
                                                 4
                                           a simple scale (scale degrees 1, 2, 3,  helps to transfer the vocal technique
              scores,                      2, 1) gently engages the folds at the  developed into the literature. Stu-
                                           rehearsal’s onset. The simplicity of  dents can then identify these items
                                           the scale and limited range allows for  in the rehearsal, reinforcing their
               all the                     the voice to “wake up” before more  self-effi  cacy in rehearsals. The va-
                                                                             riety of activities provides a gen-
                                           demanding vocalizations.
                                             Ensure a high-quality breath and  tle transition from the busy outside
                time.                      pitch clarity in these semi-occluded  world to the rehearsal setting.

                                           vocal tract exercises; this serves to
                                                                               The opening moments of re-
                                           establish foundational elements be-  hearsal provide an opportunity for
                                           fore tackling other aspects of choral  “group voice building” or “group
                                           technique: choral blend, articulating  vocal technique.” This philosophy
                                           in synchrony, matching vowels, etc.  guides the enhancement of the
                                           An ending warm-up can consist of a  choristers’ vocal skills. Because ad-
                                           legato /a/ vowel while singing scale  olescent singers have diff erent  vo-
                                           degrees 1, 3, 5, 8, 5, 3, 1 in the sing-  cal ranges, developing non-pitched
                                           ers’ fullest, most resonant voice. The  vocalization exercises draws the
                                           forte dynamic and the arpeggiation  students into the choral experience
                                           that spans an octave is a heavier sing-  by helping them achieve success at
                                           ing load that can strengthen their  the rehearsal’s onset. Examples of
                                           ability to project with energy while  these include: laughing or crying in
                                           combining the technical concepts  a general vocal range, high-pitched

              ur popular RingBinder        solidified early on in the warm-up.  squeals, and low-pitched growls.
          O frees your scores with the       Depending on the age of the sing-  Listen for unanimity of the stu-
            push of a thumb, and its lock-  ers, the warm-up process can look  dents’ diff erent parts of their ranges.
          ing mechanism allows smooth,     very different. According to Freer, a  These can morph into more specif-

            snag-free turns. See all our   successful choral warm-up for ado-  ic consonant and vowel sounds like
           folders and accessories on our   lescents will have four components:   /baba/ or  /dodo/ to refi ne vowels,
            website, or order by phone.
                                                                             consonants, and technique. Within
              Toll-free: 1.877.246.7253    1) a logical sequence that remains  this “group voice building,” singers
           Telephone & Fax: 1.604.733.3995   constant from day-to-day;       evolve their technical “toolbox” so
                                                                             that when encountered with a diffi  -
                                           2) student choice and experimenta-  cult vocal passage in the literature,
                                             tion with the warm-ups (ie. “pick  they have the means to navigate it


        52       CHORAL JOURNAL  June/July 2021                                                        Volume 61  Number 11
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